Reconstruction:

I  After the Civil War, Power shifted
    A. Propertied class was wiped out
        1. production of Cotton, sugar, tobacco was low
II. Theories of legal status of southern states:
    A. Lincoln/Johnson
        1. in a state of rebellion (didn't leave union; impossible)
     B.  Radical Republicans
        1. states committed suicide; are conquered provinces
III. Any government oblication to protect free status of freedmen?
    A. Freedman's Bureau: gave provisions to refugees (B & W)
        1. teaches freedmen to read, write; skills; finds them jobs
    B. All extra help from Af-Am community
        1. develops w/ church life as center
        2 severe discrimination
IV how sharecropping starts
    A. to avoid field gang labor
    B. puts farmers in permanent debt
V. How to reconstruct the nation?
    A. Lincoln: forgiveness for slaveowners
        1. former slaves get some suffrace with literacy
        2. S. state reenters w/ full rights when 10% pledge loyalty
    B. Radical Reconstructionists
        1. pass Wade- Davis bill
            50% voters must take iron clad oath
        2. made states ratify 13th amendment before coming back to union
        3. worked to safe guard rights of freedmen
    C. Black codes- passed by S. states to control freedmen
         1. list rights of African Americans
         2.  banned interracial marriage
         3.  kept wages low, banned renting land
         4. Punnished 'idleness' w/ chain gang work
VI. To preserve rights of Blacks to freedom: Congressional Reconstruction
    A 14th amendment passed
        same ideas as Civil Rts bill, vetoed by Pres Johnson
        - rights of citizenship
    B. 15th amendment (vote) to preserve 14th amendment
VII How enforced:
    A. south divided by Reconstruction Act into 5 districts
            1. till they approve 14th amendment, grant full suffrage to all men
            2.  14th: grants all born in US: citizenship w/ full rights
                a. rights cannot be denied by states
            3. 15th amendment: Right to vote extended to all male citizens age 21
                 a. important so Blacks can protect their freedoms
    B. Pres. Johnson fought these.. tried to veto acts; Congress overrode w/ 2/3 majority  
            1. Radicals tried to impeach Johnson but he was aquitted by 1 vote 1868
VIII Command of the Army Act:
    All orders from Cmd in Chief (Pres) must go through General of the Army (Grant)
IX How reconstructed was the south?
    A. nearly all applications for pardon accepted
    B. most former seccessionists, congressmen back in politics
    C. even officers of Jeff Davis' gov
    D. SC and MS refused to ratify the 13th amendment
X S Whites hated Carpet baggers (Ns who came south to take advantage)
    A. hated scalawags: (s collaborators)
XI How the south reemerges
    A. KKK rises up to stop Blacks from voting
        1. violence, terror
    B. deal of 1876 allowed reconstruction to end, Repub to be president
    if N w/d all troops
    C. laws passed outlaw voting by blacks
    D. racism increased- segregation spreads
        1. once Blacks stopped from voting, S. "redeemers" regain office
    E. Blacks accommodate... Booker T Washington: economic gains first... civil rights down the road
    F. WEB Du Bois favors ceaseless agitation
        1. says talented tenth should be cultivated
How did reconstruction end?
    A. Election deal 1876 w/drew troops from South
    B. more interest in West, Indians, Money issues
    C. South passed Jim Crow laws to secure segregation and remove vote
        The New Order of the south